Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Monitoring Colorectal Cancer Screening at Scale: Conformance Checking and Bottleneck Detection in Northern Portugal.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026

Same author

Correction to "Therapeutic Role of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Menthol and Saturated Fatty Acids on Wound Healing".

ACS applied bio materials·2026

Same author

Synthesis of Fluoroquinolones: Revisiting the Grohe Route in DES-Based Media.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Population-Based Cancer Screening analysis in Northern Portugal Using Process Mining.

Journal of cancer policy·2026

Same author

Eutectogels: Recent Advances, Design Strategies, and Emerging Applications in Biotechnology.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Managing Data in Screening Programs: Challenges and Solutions.

Acta medica portuguesa·2025

Same journal

RETRACTED: Meligy et al. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Omega n - 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Gentamicin-Induced Cardiac Degeneration. <i>Pharmaceutics</i> 2022, <i>14</i>, 1322.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Same journal

Correction: Mohite et al. Bioactive Compound-Fortified Nanomedicine in the Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Enhancement of the Wound Healing Process: A Review. <i>Pharmaceutics</i> 2025, <i>17</i>, 855.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Same journal

Metal Nanoparticle-Reinforced Hydrogels Applied in the Inhibition of Clinical Pathogens: Structural Features, Mechanisms, and Biomedical Prospects.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Same journal

Development and Evaluation of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Cipepofol Across Diverse Clinical Populations.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Same journal

Artificial Intelligence in Nanopharmaceutical Development: From Predictive Design to Clinical Translation.

Pharmaceutics·2026

Same journal

Textilinin-1, a Snake Venom-Derived Kunitz-Type Protease Inhibitor, Accelerates Wound Healing Through Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial, and Pro-Regenerative Activities.

Pharmaceutics·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

Using Natural Deep Eutectic Systems as Alternative Media for Ocular Applications.

Célia Sarmento¹, Hugo Monteiro¹, Alexandre Paiva¹

¹LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA-School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.

|May 27, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Natural deep eutectic systems (NADES) show promise for eye drop formulations due to their viscosity and biocompatibility. These systems enhance drug solubility, like acetazolamide, for improved glaucoma treatment.

Keywords:

acetazolamide alternative solvents biocompatible drug delivery natural deep eutectic systems ocular formulations

More Related Videos

Platelet-Rich Plasma Lysate for Treatment of Eye Surface Diseases

Platelet-Rich Plasma Lysate for Treatment of Eye Surface Diseases

Published on: August 2, 2022

Production of Modified Autologous Conditioned Serum and Ex Vivo Assessment of Its Healing Potential in Murine Corneal Epithelium

Production of Modified Autologous Conditioned Serum and Ex Vivo Assessment of Its Healing Potential in Murine Corneal Epithelium

Published on: March 24, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems

Published on: October 31, 2019

Platelet-Rich Plasma Lysate for Treatment of Eye Surface Diseases

Platelet-Rich Plasma Lysate for Treatment of Eye Surface Diseases

Published on: August 2, 2022

Production of Modified Autologous Conditioned Serum and Ex Vivo Assessment of Its Healing Potential in Murine Corneal Epithelium

Production of Modified Autologous Conditioned Serum and Ex Vivo Assessment of Its Healing Potential in Murine Corneal Epithelium

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Sciences
Materials Science
Biotechnology

Background:

Ocular drug delivery faces challenges with drug retention and solubility.
Natural deep eutectic systems (NADES) offer tunable physicochemical properties.
High viscosity of NADES may enhance ocular drug retention time.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of NADES as novel media for ocular formulations.
To characterize NADES for rheological and physicochemical properties relevant to eye drops.
To evaluate NADES's ability to enhance the solubility and biocompatibility of ocular drugs.

Main Methods:

Preparation and characterization of various NADES formulations.
Rheological and physicochemical property analysis (viscosity, osmolarity, pH, contact angle, refractive index).
Solubility studies with acetazolamide (ACZ) and cytotoxicity assays on ARPE-19 cells.

Main Results:

Optimized NADES solutions (5-10% w/v) exhibited suitable viscosity (0.8-1.2 mPa.s), osmolarity (412-1883 mOsmol), and pH (7.4).
NADES increased acetazolamide solubility by up to 3 times.
NADES demonstrated biocompatibility, maintaining cell viability above 80% at 5% (w/v) concentration, with no added cytotoxicity when ACZ was included.

Conclusions:

NADES are viable candidates for ocular formulations, improving drug solubility and retention.
Biocompatible NADES formulations offer a promising approach for enhanced ocular drug delivery.
Further research into NADES-based ocular formulations could lead to more effective glaucoma treatments.