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Transcription Factor Driven Gene Regulation in COVID-19 Patients
Daniele Santoni1, Nimisha Ghosh2,3, Carlo Derelitto1,4
1Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Viruses
|May 27, 2023
Summary
This study identifies key transcription factors and human genes affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly those interacting with the Spike protein. Findings highlight affected organs and potential drug targets to inhibit virus infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology and Molecular Biology
- Genomics and Bioinformatics
Background:
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection alters host cell gene expression.
- Understanding differential gene regulation by transcription factors is crucial for COVID-19 research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify transcription factors targeting human proteins interacting with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein.
- To analyze differential gene expression in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals.
- To discover potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Main Methods:
- In silico analysis of transcriptomics RNA-Seq data from 13 human organs.
- Correlation analysis of transcription factor and target gene expression in COVID-19 patients and controls.
- KEGG pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis.
Main Results:
- Identified 19 transcription factors targeting proteins interacting with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein.
- Detected significant differential gene regulation in blood, heart, lung, nasopharynx, and respiratory tract.
- Identified 31 key differentially regulated human genes and associated pathways.
Conclusions:
- Transcription factors play a significant role in differential gene regulation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Specific organs show pronounced effects of transcription factor-mediated regulation.
- Identified genes and potential drug targets offer new avenues for COVID-19 therapeutic strategies.
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