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Modelling metabolic performance in paediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing: A case-control study.

Francisco Alves de Sousa1, Marta Rios Pinho2, Ana Nóbrega Pinto1

  • 1Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Journal of Sleep Research
|May 27, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) have higher resting metabolism but reduced exercise capacity. This study models these metabolic changes, highlighting potential cardiovascular impacts in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Paediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) significantly impacts cardiovascular physiology.
  • The effects of OSDB on children's basal metabolism and exercise response remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding these metabolic consequences is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate and model the resting and exercise metabolism in children with OSDB.
  • To compare metabolic parameters between children with and without OSDB.
  • To provide insights into the physiological impact of OSDB on pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control analysis of 1256 children undergoing otorhinolaryngology surgery.
  • Measurement of heart rate (HR).
  • Estimation of oxygen consumption (VO2) and energy expenditure (EE) at rest and during exercise using predictive equations.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSDB exhibited higher resting HR, VO2, and EE compared to controls (p<0.05).
  • Patients with OSDB demonstrated lower maximal VO2 (VO2max) and EE during maximal exercise (p<0.01).
  • The increase in VO2 and EE with exercise (Δ VO2 and Δ EE) was significantly lower in the OSDB group across all intensities (p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Paediatric OSDB is associated with elevated basal metabolic rates.
  • Children with OSDB display impaired exercise performance and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness.
  • The findings support a link between OSDB, altered metabolism, and cardiovascular impairment in children.