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A clinical overview of paediatric sarcoidosis: Multicentre experience from Turkey
Vafa Guliyeva1, Fatma Gul Demirkan1, Ramazan Emre Yiğit2
1Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Insights
Paediatric sarcoidosis presents with varied symptoms in early-onset (EOS) and late-onset (LOS) forms. Ocular and joint issues are common, but clinical features differ between EOS and LOS patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Rheumatology
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Sarcoidosis is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease.
- Paediatric sarcoidosis (PS) exhibits diverse clinical presentations.
- Understanding early-onset (EOS) and late-onset (LOS) sarcoidosis is crucial for management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize demographic data, clinical spectrum, and treatment of paediatric sarcoidosis.
- To identify variations between early-onset (EOS) and late-onset (LOS) paediatric sarcoidosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective-descriptive study design.
- Analysis of medical records for paediatric sarcoidosis cases.
- Comparison of clinical features between EOS and LOS groups.
Main Results:
- Fifty-two paediatric sarcoidosis cases were analyzed.
- Ocular symptoms (40.4%), particularly anterior uveitis (55%), were most common.
- EOS patients showed more joint, eye, and dermatological findings compared to LOS patients.
Conclusions:
- Paediatric sarcoidosis, both EOS and LOS, presents with variable clinical features.
- Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for raising awareness and facilitating early diagnosis.
- Prompt diagnosis and management can lead to fewer complications in paediatric sarcoidosis.
Objectives:
We aimed to outline the demographic data, clinical spectrum, and treatment approach of sarcoidosis in a large group of patients and sought to figure out the variations of early-onset (EOS) and late-onset paediatric sarcoidosis (LOS).
Methods:
The study followed a retrospective-descriptive design, with the analysis of medical records of cases diagnosed as paediatric sarcoidosis.
Results:
Fifty-two patients were included in the study. The median age at disease onset and follow-up duration were 83 (28.2-119) and 24 (6-48) months, respectively. Ten (19.2%) cases had EOS (before 5th birthday) and 42 (80.7%) cases had LOS. The most common clinical findings at the time of the disease onset were ocular symptoms (40.4%) followed by joint manifestation (25%), dermatological symptoms (13.5%), and features related to multi-organ involvement (11.5%). Anterior uveitis was the most common (55%) one among ocular manifestations. Patients with EOS displayed joint, eye, and dermatological findings more commonly than patients with LOS. The recurrence rate of disease in patients with EOS (5.7%) and LOS (21.1%) were not statistically different (P = .7).
Conclusions:
Patients with EOS and LOS may present with variable clinical features and studies addressing paediatric sarcoidosis cases in collaboration between disciplines will enhance the awareness of this rare disease among physicians and assist early diagnosis with lesser complications.
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