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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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The Nucleolus02:55

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Profiling of Estrogen-regulated MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Cells
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Non-coding RNAs mediated inflammation in breast cancers.

Dan Wang1, Guang-Hao Yin1

  • 1Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China.

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|May 27, 2023
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Inflammation drives over a third of breast cancer deaths. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of this inflammation and breast cancer development.

Keywords:
Breast cancerEpigeneticInflammationMicroRNAsNon-coding RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death in women globally.
  • Inflammation is implicated in over one-third of breast cancer mortality.
  • Epigenetic modifications, especially non-coding RNAs, are increasingly recognized in cancer pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of inflammation in breast cancer.
  • To explore the regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs in breast cancer-associated inflammation.
  • To highlight potential new research avenues in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on inflammation and non-coding RNAs in breast cancer.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of molecular mechanisms.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) significantly influence inflammation in breast cancer.
  • These non-coding RNAs play crucial regulatory roles in breast cancer pathogenesis.
  • Deregulated inflammation is a critical factor in a substantial proportion of breast cancer deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between inflammation and non-coding RNAs is vital for advancing breast cancer research.
  • Non-coding RNAs represent promising targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further investigation into these mechanisms could lead to improved breast cancer treatments and outcomes.