Graphene quantum dots enhance the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment
Wanshan Gao1, Yan Liang1, Dongyan Wu1
1College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University , Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
Background And Objective:
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a type of carbon-based nanomaterial, have remarkable biological, physical, and chemical properties. This study investigated the biological mechanisms of the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) induced by GQDs in an inflammatory microenvironment.
Materials And Methods:
PDLSCs were cultured in osteogenic-induced medium with various concentrations of GQDs in standard medium or medium mimicking a proinflammatory environment. The effects of GQDs on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation activity of PDLSCs were tested by CCK-8 assay, Alizarin Red S staining, and qRT‒PCR. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway-related gene expression was measured by qRT‒PCR.
Results:
Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression levels of ALP, RUNX2, and OCN and the number of mineralized nodules were all increased in PDLSCs after treatment with GQDs. Moreover, during the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, the expression levels of LRP6 and β-catenin, which are Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway-related genes, were upregulated.
Conclusion:
In the inflammatory microenvironment, GQDs might promote the osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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