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Acne Fulminans: A Narrative Review
R Gutiérrez-Meré1, I Tajes2, P Diéguez2
1Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Área Sanitaria de Pontevedra y O Salnés, Pontevedra, España; Grupo de Investigación DIPO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Pontevedra, España.
Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas
|May 28, 2023
Summary
Acne fulminans, a severe inflammatory acne, predominantly affects adolescent males, often triggered by isotretinoin. Systemic corticosteroids are the primary treatment, though quality of life impacts are underreported.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Inflammatory Diseases
- Medical Literature Review
Background:
- Acne fulminans is a rare, severe inflammatory acne with significant scarring potential.
- Lesion severity and scarring negatively impact patient quality of life.
- Understanding clinical and demographic characteristics is crucial for management.
Approach:
- Conducted a narrative literature review of English and Spanish articles from Medline.
- Included case reports and case series to analyze 212 cases of acne fulminans.
- Focused on clinical/demographic features and quality of life impact.
Key Points:
- Predominantly affects males (91.94%) with a mean age of 16.6 years.
- Commonly linked to acne vulgaris history (97.63%) and pharmacologic triggers (44.79%), especially isotretinoin (65.28%).
- Frequently involves the face (89.31%) and trunk (77.86%), with systemic symptoms present in 59.12%.
Conclusions:
- Acne fulminans primarily impacts adolescent males, often with a history of acne vulgaris.
- Systemic corticosteroids are the most common treatment, particularly for the subtype with systemic symptoms.
- The effect of acne fulminans on quality of life remains significantly underreported in the literature.
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