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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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The interplay between vitamin C and thyroid.

Bahareh Farasati Far1, Amir Hossein Behnoush2, Elina Ghondaghsaz3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.

Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
|May 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This review explores vitamin C

Keywords:
ascorbic acidhormone imbalancethyroid cancerthyroid functionthyroid hormonesvitamin C

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), an essential antioxidant, plays a role in thyroid function.
  • Thyroid conditions like cancer, goiter, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism may influence vitamin C levels.
  • The interplay between vitamin C and thyroid health requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review human studies on vitamin C's role in thyroid gland function.
  • To evaluate vitamin C's impact on various thyroid diseases, including cancers and autoimmune conditions.
  • To assess vitamin C's efficacy when used alongside standard treatments like levothyroxine.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies from major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science).
  • Focus on original research investigating the association between vitamin C and thyroid diseases.
  • Inclusion of studies examining both intravenous and oral vitamin C administration.

Main Results:

  • Intravenous vitamin C shows potential anti-cancer effects, particularly combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • Patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Graves' disease, may exhibit altered blood vitamin C levels.
  • Limited evidence exists regarding the therapeutic benefits of oral vitamin C for thyroid conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence, especially from clinical trials, is insufficient to establish vitamin C's therapeutic role in thyroid diseases.
  • Promising preliminary results suggest potential benefits, particularly for intravenous administration in specific contexts.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the efficacy and optimal use of vitamin C in managing thyroid disorders.