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Number naming systems with inverted structures, like Dutch, can impact adult numeracy. Transparent number words improved accuracy in a study, influenced by bilingualism and English proficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Number naming systems vary in transparency, with Dutch exhibiting an "inversion property" where units precede decades (e.g., "nine and forty").
  • This morpho-syntactic inversion is known to affect children's mathematical development, but its impact on adult numeracy and underlying mechanisms remains less understood.
  • Bilingualism may modulate the effects of number word transparency on numerical cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of number word inversion on adults' numerical cognition.
  • To explore the influence of morpho-syntactic transparency and phonological properties on quantity judgments.
  • To examine how bilingualism, specifically L2 English proficiency, affects numerical processing in the context of inverted number names.

Main Methods:

  • An audiovisual matching task was employed with Dutch-English bilingual adults.
  • Participants heard number words and simultaneously viewed two-digit Arabic numerals, judging quantity congruence.
  • The study experimentally manipulated the morpho-syntactic structure of Dutch number words to vary transparency and congruency.

Main Results:

  • Morpho-syntactic congruency significantly influenced quantity match and non-match decisions.
  • Participants exhibited faster responses with traditional, non-transparent Dutch number names.
  • Artificial, transparent number words led to more accurate decisions, with effects partially mediated by English proficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Number word inversion creates multiple associations between Arabic numerals and number names, impacting adult numerical cognition.
  • Morpho-syntactic transparency plays a crucial role in numerical accuracy, potentially overriding processing speed advantages of opaque systems.
  • Bilingualism and proficiency in languages with transparent number systems (like English) can enhance numerical processing within inversion systems.