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Divergent interpersonal neural synchronization patterns in the first, second language and interlingual communication.

Yanqin Feng1, Yuan Liang2, Yi Zhang2

  • 1School of Foreign Languages, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.

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Summary

Interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) differs across language contexts. Language choice significantly impacts INS, particularly in the left inferior frontal gyrus, highlighting its importance in communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) is crucial for effective verbal communication.
  • Global interactions are increasing, necessitating communication across diverse language contexts.
  • The impact of language choice on INS remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) varies in first language (L1), second language (L2), and interlingual communication contexts.
  • To determine if language choice influences the degree and location of INS.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty pairs of participants communicated in L1, L2, and interlingual settings.
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured neural activity in both interlocutors.
  • Wavelet transform coherence analysis quantified INS between dyads.

Main Results:

  • Stronger INS was observed in L1, L2, and interlingual contexts compared to resting state, with distinct brain regions showing synchronization in each context.
  • Specifically, INS was noted in the left inferior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and inferior frontal gyrus in L1.
  • In L2, INS was found in the left middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus.
  • The interlingual context showed INS in the left inferior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus.
  • Crucially, INS in the left inferior frontal gyrus was significantly stronger in L2 than in L1.

Conclusions:

  • Language context significantly modulates interpersonal neural synchronization (INS).
  • Language choice influences the neural dynamics of communication, particularly affecting the left inferior frontal gyrus.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering language in the study of neural synchrony during interaction.