Functionally substituted 2-aminothiazoles as antimicrobial agents: in vitro and in silico evaluation

Nine new functionally substituted derivatives of 2-aminothiazole were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using microdilution method against the panel of eight bacterial and eight fungal strains. Evaluation of antibacterial activity revealed that compounds are potent antibacterial agents, more active than ampicillin and streptomycin except of some compounds against B. cereus and En. cloacae. The best compound appeared to be compound 8. The most sensitive bacteria appeared to be En. cloacae, while L. monocytogenes was the most resistant. Compounds also exhibited good antifungal activity much better than two reference drugs, ketoconazole and bifonazole. Compound 1 exhibited the best antifungal activity. The most sensitive fungus was T. viride, while A. fumigatus was the most resistant. Bacteria as well as fungi in general showed different sensitivity towards compounds tested. Molecular docking studies revealed that MurB inhibition is probably involved in the mechanism of antibacterial activity, while CYP51 of C. albicans is responsible for the mechanism of antifungal activity. Finally, it should be mentioned that all compounds displayed very good druglikeness scores.