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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Quantifying whole bladder biomechanics using the novel pentaplanar reflected image macroscopy system.

Grant Hennig1, Pragya Saxena2, Eli Broemer3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|May 30, 2023
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Summary

A new imaging method, Pentaplanar Reflected Image Macroscopy (PRIM), accurately measures bladder wall biomechanics. This technique provides deeper insights into bladder function and dysfunction than traditional pressure-volume calculations.

Keywords:
BladderComplianceImagingStress

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Urology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bladder compliance is crucial for urinary storage and voiding.
  • Current clinical methods for bladder compliance lack insight into wall structure and mechanics.
  • Lower urinary tract dysfunction is often associated with altered bladder wall biomechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel ex vivo imaging method for real-time measurement of bladder wall stress and stretch.
  • To accurately calculate bladder wall biomechanics based on material properties rather than pressure-volume changes.
  • To provide a more insightful characterization of bladder wall mechanics during filling.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Pentaplanar Reflected Image Macroscopy (PRIM) for ex vivo bladder imaging.
  • Simultaneously recorded intravesical pressure, infused volume, and multi-planar bladder images.
  • Measured wall thickness and volume to calculate stress and stretch during bladder filling.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated nonlinear increases in bladder wall stress with increasing stretch, particularly above 15 mmHg intravesical pressure.
  • Showed that bladder wall mechanical properties remain consistent across bladders of varying capacities.
  • Quantified bladder wall tension, stress, and stretch, defining biomechanics via material properties.

Conclusions:

  • PRIM enables accurate, real-time measurement of bladder wall biomechanics.
  • This method offers superior insight into bladder wall material properties compared to traditional compliance calculations.
  • PRIM is valuable for studying bladder remodeling in conditions like diabetes and spinal cord injury.