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Myocardial Infarction in Patients with and without COVID-19: Comparisons of Characteristics, Clinical Courses, and

Hossein Sheibani1, Mehran Gheshlaghi2, Somayeh Shah Hosseini3

  • 1Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.

The Journal of Tehran Heart Center
|May 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 significantly impacts patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), leading to more frequent non-ST-elevation MI, lower ejection fractions, and arrhythmias. These findings highlight the need for specialized care for COVID-19 patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 is a global health emergency impacting multiple organs, including myocardial cells.
  • Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcomes are influenced by comorbidities, with COVID-19 being a significant factor.
  • COVID-19 can alter the clinical course and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical course and outcomes of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with and without concurrent COVID-19 infection.
  • To identify practical factors influencing MI outcomes in the presence of COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 180 patients diagnosed with acute MI.
  • Comparison of clinical and angiographic data between 80 patients with COVID-19 and 100 patients without COVID-19.
  • Analysis of factors such as MI type, ejection fraction, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease extent.

Main Results:

  • Patients with COVID-19 had a higher frequency of non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI), lower ejection fractions (<30%), and more arrhythmias compared to non-COVID-19 patients.
  • Single-vessel disease was more common in the COVID-19 group, whereas double-vessel disease predominated in the non-COVID-19 group.
  • Significant differences were observed in MI type, ejection fraction, and arrhythmias between the groups (P=0.006, 0.003, P<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection is associated with a more severe presentation of acute myocardial infarction.
  • Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) co-infected with COVID-19 require essential and specialized medical care.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms and optimize management strategies for MI in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Cardiac arrhythmiaMyocardial infarctionPneumoniaSARS-CoV-2

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