Comparative study between 1-way and 2-way coupled fluid-structure interaction in numerical simulation of aortic arch...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular biomechanics
• Computational fluid dynamics
• Medical imaging analysis

Background:

• Hemodynamic forces are critical in cardiovascular pathologies like aortic aneurysms.
• Numerical simulations of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) are vital for understanding blood flow and arterial wall dynamics.
• Aortic arch aneurysms require accurate simulation methods for effective analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare one-way and two-way coupled FSI models for simulating aortic arch aneurysms.
• To evaluate the impact of different coupling approaches on hemodynamic and structural parameters.
• To determine the most suitable FSI coupling method for aortic aneurysm research.

Main Methods:

• Utilized 3D computed tomography data of the thoracic aorta for geometric modeling.
• Implemented the Holzapfel model for hyperelastic anisotropic arterial wall properties.
• Employed the Carreau-Yasuda model to represent blood's non-Newtonian rheological behavior.
• Performed comparative analyses of one-way and two-way FSI coupling.

Main Results:

• One-way FSI underestimated von Mises stress, displacement, and strain throughout the cardiac cycle compared to two-way FSI.
• One-way FSI overestimated systolic flow field variables (velocity, wall shear stress, Reynolds number), while diastolic values approached those of two-way FSI.
• Significant quantitative differences were observed, particularly during systole.

Conclusions:

• Two-way FSI coupling is recommended for numerical simulations of aortic arch aneurysms.
• The hyperelasticity of the arterial wall necessitates a two-way coupling approach due to strong fluid-wall interactions.
• Accurate simulation of hemodynamic forces and arterial response in aneurysms requires accounting for bidirectional FSI effects.