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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

1.0K
Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
1.0K
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

419
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
419
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.9K
Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria01:07

Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria

382
Ladder diagrams are useful for evaluating equilibria involving metal-ligand complexes. The vertical scale of the ladder diagram represents the concentration of unreacted or free ligand, pL. The horizontal lines on the scale depict the log of stepwise formation constants for metal-ligand complexes and indicate the dominant species in all the regions.
The formation constant, K1, for the formation of Cd(NH3)2+ complex from cadmium and ammonia is 3.55 × 102. Log K1 (i.e. pNH3) is 2.55, and...
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Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
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Carbohydrate recognition using metal-ligand assemblies.

Rafiq Ahamed1, Jayashree Venkatesh2, Rakshantha Srithar2

  • 1Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan 411008, Pune, India. sudhakar.gaikwad@daad-alumni.de.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial receptors mimic carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) for molecular recognition. This review explores metal-ligand assemblies for carbohydrate sensing, highlighting challenges and future prospects in this complex field.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Recognition
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Carbohydrate-binding proteins, or lectins, are crucial in cellular functions and disease.
  • Synthesizing artificial receptors for specific carbohydrate recognition is difficult due to sugar structural similarities and receptor complexity.
  • Non-covalent interactions are key for carbohydrate recognition, presenting a broad research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review carbohydrate recognition strategies employing metal-ligand assemblies.
  • To discuss the application of metallosupramolecules, macrocycles, and cages in carbohydrate sensing.
  • To identify current challenges and future research directions in artificial carbohydrate recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on metal-ligand assemblies for carbohydrate recognition.
  • Analysis of studies involving metallosupramolecules, macrocycles, and cages in sensing applications.
  • Synthesis of artificial receptors for mimicking lectin functions.

Main Results:

  • Metal-ligand assemblies offer a promising approach for artificial carbohydrate recognition.
  • Metallosupramolecular structures, macrocycles, and cages demonstrate potential in sensing diverse carbohydrates.
  • Progress has been made in achieving specific molecular recognition in various media.

Conclusions:

  • Metal-ligand assemblies represent a viable strategy for developing artificial lectins.
  • Further research is needed to overcome synthetic challenges and enhance selectivity in carbohydrate sensing.
  • The field holds significant potential for applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.