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FABP3, FABP4, and heart rate variability among patients with chronic schizophrenia
Wei-Chin Hung1,2, Teng-Hung Yu1,2, Cheng-Ching Wu1,2,3
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Insights
Elevated fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)3 and FABP4 levels are associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with chronic schizophrenia, indicating potential cardiovascular disease risks.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Psychiatry
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Schizophrenia patients have a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related deaths.
- Low heart rate variability (HRV) is linked to an increased risk of CVD.
- Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP)3 and FABP4 are increasingly recognized for their roles in CVD development and progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between circulating FABP3 and FABP4 levels and HRV in individuals with chronic schizophrenia.
- To explore potential biomarkers for CVD risk in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- 265 patients with chronic schizophrenia were included.
- Plasma concentrations of FABP3 and FABP4 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
- Standard HRV was recorded, and analyses included tertiles of FABP3/FABP4 and linear regression.
Main Results:
- FABP3 showed negative associations with high-frequency (HF) HRV.
- FABP4 demonstrated negative associations with both HF and low-frequency (LF) HRV.
- Significant inverse associations were found between FABP3/FABP4 levels and HRV parameters.
Conclusions:
- Elevated FABP3 and FABP4 levels may be associated with increased CVD-related health issues in chronic schizophrenia.
- FABP3 and FABP4 could serve as potential indicators for cardiovascular risk in schizophrenia patients.
Introduction:
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD-related deaths in patients with schizophrenia is high. An elevated risk of CVD has been associated with low heart rate variability (HRV). There is increasing evidence that fatty acid-binding protein (FABP)3 and FABP4 play roles in the development and progression of CVD. This study aimed to explore the association of circulating FABP3/FABP4 levels with HRV in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Methods:
We included 265 consecutive patients with chronic schizophrenia who attended a disease management program. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of plasma concentrations of FABP3 and FABP4. Standard HRV was recorded at baseline following a standard protocol. Mean high- and low-frequency (HF/LF) HRV values were analyzed by tertile of FABP3 and FABP4 using one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression analysis was performed to assess trends.
Results:
A positive association between FABP3 and creatinine was found in multiple regression analysis. In addition, negative associations between levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin, HF HRV, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with FABP3 were also found. Moreover, positive associations between FABP4 with body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, and FABP3 were found. Furthermore, negative associations between levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, eGFR, and HF HRV with FABP4 were found. We also found a significant inverse association between FABP3 and HF HRV (p for trend = 0.008), and significant inverse associations between FABP4 with HF and LF HRV (p for trend = 0.007 and 0.017, respectively).
Discussion:
Together, this suggests that elevated levels of FABP3 and FABP4 may be linked to health problems related to CVD in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
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