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Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott 1821 Extract Has Moderate Ameliorative Influence on Biochemical and Hematological
Muhamed Fočak1, Maja Mitrašinović-Brulić2, Damir Suljević2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja Od Bosne 33-35, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. muhamed.f@pmf.unsa.ba.
Abstract:
Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. Nephrotoxicity refers to the impairments of the kidneys caused by the use of GM and can result in decreased kidney function and in severe cases, kidney failure. Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME), also known as the black chokeberry, has been used for its protective effects on the kidneys. AME concentration of 3.38 mg/kg (max antioxidant activity in vitro) was used to determine its effectiveness against induced nephropathy during 30 days. GM treatment caused significant hypoalbuminemia and high values of globulins, creatinine, and urea compared to the control group. GM application lead to hemolysis occurrence, echinocytosis, and platelets aggregation. Significantly high values of segmented neutrophils and low values of non-segmented neutrophils were recorded in the blood of rats treated with chokeberry extract (AME). In the pre-treatment (AME + GM), severe hypochromic anemia and a significant improvement in hematological parameters, as well as a reduction of anemia in the post-treatment (GM + AME), were noted. Post-treatment AME also significantly regulates urea and creatinine values. Statistically significantly low hemoglobin values were found in all groups treated with AME. Current study suggests that compounds in the AME have a moderate beneficial effect against renal injury and anti-inflammatory properties that may help protect the kidneys from injury caused by GM.
Insights
Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) shows moderate protective effects against gentamicin (GM)-induced kidney injury. AME demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties and improved hematological parameters in rats, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for nephrotoxicity.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Nephrology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- Gentamicin (GM), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is associated with significant nephrotoxicity, potentially leading to kidney dysfunction and failure.
- Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME), or black chokeberry, is recognized for its antioxidant properties and has been explored for renal protective effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) in mitigating gentamicin (GM)-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
- To investigate the hematological and biochemical alterations induced by GM and the potential modulatory effects of AME.
Main Methods:
- Rats were administered gentamicin (GM) to induce nephropathy over a 30-day period.
- Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) was administered either pre-treatment (AME + GM) or post-treatment (GM + AME) at a concentration of 3.38 mg/kg.
- Hematological parameters, including red blood cell morphology, platelet aggregation, and white blood cell counts, along with serum creatinine and urea levels, were analyzed.
Main Results:
- GM treatment resulted in significant hypoalbuminemia, elevated globulins, creatinine, and urea, alongside hemolysis, echinocytosis, and platelet aggregation.
- AME pre-treatment improved hematological parameters and reduced anemia, while post-treatment AME significantly regulated urea and creatinine levels.
- AME administration was associated with increased segmented neutrophils and decreased non-segmented neutrophils, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect.
Conclusions:
- Compounds within Aronia melanocarpa extract possess moderate beneficial effects against gentamicin-induced renal injury.
- AME exhibits anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to its kidney-protective capabilities against nephrotoxic agents like gentamicin.
- The findings suggest AME as a potential adjunct therapy for managing gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
