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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
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Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

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Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
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Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

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Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
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Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
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Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
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Multidrug Aerosol Delivery During Mechanical Ventilation.

Ann D Cuccia1, Michael McPeck2, Janice A Lee2

  • 1Respiratory Care Program, School of Health Professions, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Simultaneous aerosol delivery using continuous nebulization and bolus injection is feasible in critically ill patients. Both jet and mesh nebulizer systems allow for dual aerosol administration without circuit disconnection, though mesh systems may require monitoring for interruptions.

Keywords:
administrationaerosolsdrug deliveryinhalationmechanicalnebulizers and vaporizersventilators

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy
  • Aerosol Science

Background:

  • Pulmonary vasodilators are often administered off-label to intubated patients via continuous nebulization.
  • Interruption of vasodilator therapy can occur when additional aerosolized medications (e.g., bronchodilators, antibiotics) are required.
  • Existing aerosol systems may not support simultaneous delivery of multiple therapies without compromising treatment continuity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and performance of aerosol systems designed for simultaneous delivery of two aerosols via continuous nebulization and bolus injection.
  • To evaluate if these systems can operate without interruption or disconnection of the breathing circuit.
  • To compare the inhaled mass delivery characteristics of a dual-port breath-enhanced jet nebulizer (BEJN) and stacked vibrating mesh nebulizers (VMNs).

Main Methods:

  • One i-AIRE dual-port breath-enhanced jet nebulizer (BEJN) and two Aerogen® Solo vibrating mesh nebulizers (VMNs) were tested.
  • VMNs were configured in a stacked arrangement for continuous infusion and bolus delivery.
  • Radiolabeled saline was used to quantify inhaled mass (% of initial syringe activity) under different breathing patterns and delivery modes over a 4-hour infusion period.

Main Results:

  • Continuous infusion of aerosolized medication was linear and predictable for both BEJN and VMN systems.
  • The BEJN functioned without incident throughout the study.
  • VMN systems experienced spontaneous interruptions in both continuous (38%) and bolus (19%) delivery modes, which were resolved by tapping; bolus delivery yielded higher inhaled mass percentages for VMN compared to BEJN.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous continuous and bolus aerosol nebulization without circuit disconnection is achievable with both jet and mesh nebulizer technologies.
  • The BEJN demonstrated reliable performance, while VMNs may require monitoring due to potential spontaneous interruptions.
  • These findings support the development of integrated aerosol delivery systems for complex therapeutic regimens in critically ill patients.