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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Updated: Jul 28, 2025

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[Clostridioides difficile - New Insights and Therapy Recommendations].

Sebastian Schönherr1,2, Laura Jung1,2, Christoph Lübbert1,2,3

  • 1Bereich Infektiologie und Tropenmedizin, Klinik und Poliklinik für Hämatologie, Zelltherapie, Hämostaseologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|May 31, 2023
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Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) are declining in Germany, but remain a concern for older adults. New guidelines recommend fidaxomicin over vancomycin for CDI treatment due to lower recurrence rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Rising Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) until 2013, driven by epidemic ribotypes.
  • Declining CDI incidence in Germany attributed to antimicrobial stewardship and hospital hygiene.
  • Persistent high disease burden, particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities.

Purpose:

  • To review current epidemiological data on CDI in Germany.
  • To summarize updated treatment guidelines and emerging therapies for CDI.
  • To discuss risk factors and challenges in CDI management.

Summary:

  • CDI incidence in Germany is decreasing, yet remains significant in vulnerable populations.
  • The 2021 ESCMID guidelines favor fidaxomicin for CDI treatment over vancomycin due to reduced recurrence.
  • New therapeutic options include ridinilazole, bezlotoxumab, and oral microbiome therapy (SER-109).

Impact:

  • Updated treatment recommendations aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce CDI recurrence.
  • Emerging therapies offer potential for more targeted and effective CDI management.
  • Antimicrobial stewardship and hygiene remain crucial in controlling CDI spread.