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Polystyrene nanoplastics decrease nutrient accumulation, disturb sex hormones, and inhibit reproductive development

Yiming Li1, Yucong Ye2, Na Rihan2

  • 1Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Nanoplastics harm crustacean reproduction. Exposure to nanoplastics reduced nutrients and suppressed gonadal development in oriental river prawns, impacting hormone levels and gene expression.

Keywords:
Gene expressionGonad developmentMacrobrachium nipponenseNanoplastic

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Marine biology
  • Crustacean reproductive biology

Background:

  • Nanoplastic pollution is a growing environmental concern.
  • Limited research exists on nanoplastic effects on crustacean gonadal development.
  • Oriental river prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) are a relevant model organism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics on the gonadal development of juvenile Macrobrachium nipponense.
  • To analyze changes in nutrient composition, sex hormone levels, and gene expression related to gonad development.

Main Methods:

  • Juvenile prawns were exposed to varying concentrations of 75-nm polystyrene nanoplastics for 28 days.
  • Nutrient composition (crude lipid, crude protein, ash, moisture) was analyzed.
  • Serum sex hormone levels (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone) were measured.
  • Gene expression of MEK, ERK, and gonad development-related genes (Vitellogenin, Vitellogenin receptor, Cyclin B, Gametocyte Specific Factor 1, Vasa, PL10) was determined.

Main Results:

  • Crude lipid and protein content decreased with increasing nanoplastic concentration.
  • Sex hormone levels and the expression of gonad development-related genes (including MEK and ERK) initially increased and then decreased with rising nanoplastic concentrations.
  • No significant changes were observed in ash or moisture content.

Conclusions:

  • Polystyrene nanoplastics negatively affect nutrient accumulation in juvenile prawns.
  • Nanoplastic exposure suppresses gonadal development by disrupting hormone levels and gene expression.
  • Findings provide crucial data on nanoplastic toxicity in crustaceans, with implications for other aquatic invertebrates.