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Related Concept Videos

Quality of Water01:19

Quality of Water

136
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
136
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

76
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Testing Water Quality01:14

Testing Water Quality

144
When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...
144
Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel01:27

Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel

148
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
148
Regulation of Water Output01:26

Regulation of Water Output

344
The human body predominantly expels water through the urinary system. On average, an individual generates around 1.5 liters of urine each day. This amount can fluctuate based on how well a person is hydrated, but a critical minimum quantity of urine must be produced to ensure the body's proper functioning. Daily, the kidneys remove 600 to 1200 milliosmoles of dissolved substances, effectively excreting excess minerals and water-soluble toxins such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid from the...
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Multiple Pipe Systems01:21

Multiple Pipe Systems

801
Multipipe systems consist of complex configurations of interconnected pipes designed to transport fluids efficiently across intricate networks. They are essential in engineering applications requiring precise control over flow distribution, pressure, and head loss. They are categorized into series, parallel, loop, and network configurations, each distinguished by unique flow characteristics and applications.
Series Configuration
In a series configuration, fluid flows sequentially from one pipe...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Improving robustness of water supply system using a multi-objective robust optimization framework.

Moudi Mahdi1, Song Xueqian2, Qiuyan Gai1

  • 1College of Management, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610103, China.

Environmental Research
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study enhances water supply system robustness against rainfall and demand uncertainty using adjustable robust optimization. The domestic sector shows greater resilience due to lower water consumption, improving overall system safety.

Keywords:
Adjustable robust optimizationFailure safetyMulti-objective frameworkSystem robustness

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Resource Management
  • Operations Research

Background:

  • Water supply systems face significant challenges due to uncertain rainfall and fluctuating water demand, increasing the risk of system failure.
  • Climate pattern deterioration exacerbates these challenges, necessitating robust management strategies for water resource sustainability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a multi-stage Adjustable Robust Optimization (ARO) integrated with a multi-objective programming framework.
  • To enhance the robustness of water supply systems against uncertainties in rainfall and water demand, driving them towards a failure safety zone.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the Adjustable Robust Optimization (ARO) framework to model uncertainties in rainfall and water demand.
  • Integration of ARO with a multi-objective programming framework for analyzing water supply system performance.
  • Case study analysis in the arid Sistan basin, Iran, with comparative feasibilities under varying uncertainty levels.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework successfully improves water supply system robustness under different scenarios.
  • The domestic water sector demonstrated superior performance and optimal values across all objectives compared to agricultural and industrial sectors.
  • Reduced water intake in the domestic sector significantly contributes to the overall robustness of the water supply system.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated Adjustable Robust Optimization and multi-objective programming approach is effective in enhancing water supply system resilience.
  • Prioritizing water use efficiency, particularly in the domestic sector, is crucial for improving system robustness in arid regions.
  • Managerial insights highlight the importance of adaptive strategies for water resource management in the face of changing climatic patterns.