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Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Published on: May 6, 2018
Nephrotic Syndrome for the Internist
Maria Jose Zabala Ramirez1, Eva J Stein1, Koyal Jain1
1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 7024 Burnett Womack Building, CB 7155, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Abstract:
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a key clinical entity for the internist to recognize and understand. A wide range of infectious, metabolic, malignant, and autoimmune processes drive nephrosis, leading to a syndrome defined by proteinuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia. NS occurs due to increased permeability to proteins at the level of the glomerulus, which allows for passage of albumin and other proteins into the urine. Proteinuria leads to a cascade of clinical complications characterized by fluid accumulation, kidney inflammation, and dysregulation of coagulation and immunity. In this article, the authors review the clinically important etiologies of NS that should inform an initial clinical evaluation.
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