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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
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Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70  chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
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Related Experiment Video

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A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes
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NetCleave: An Open-Source Algorithm for Predicting C-Terminal Antigen Processing for MHC-I and MHC-II.

Roc Farriol-Duran1, Marina Vallejo-Vallés1, Pep Amengual-Rigo1

  • 1Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a pipeline for NetCleave, an algorithm predicting C-terminal antigen processing. This aids in designing effective peptide-based vaccination strategies by understanding epitope generation.

Keywords:
Antigen processingBioinformaticsEpitope predictorHLAImmune systemImmunoinformaticsMHC-IMHC-IINeural networksT cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • T cell epitope presentation involves complex antigen processing.
  • C-terminal processing is a critical bottleneck in generating epitopes for presentation.
  • Accurate prediction of C-terminal processing is vital for peptide-based vaccine design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive pipeline for utilizing the NetCleave algorithm.
  • To enhance the prediction of C-terminal antigen processing for both MHC-I and MHC-II pathways.
  • To leverage NetCleave's capabilities for improved vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computational pipeline to exploit NetCleave's features.
  • Application of NetCleave for predicting C-terminal cleavage sites.
  • Integration of MHC-I and MHC-II pathway considerations in the prediction.

Main Results:

  • The pipeline effectively harnesses NetCleave's predictive power.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's utility in understanding C-terminal epitope generation.
  • Provided a tool for researchers in immunology and vaccinology.

Conclusions:

  • The NetCleave pipeline offers a valuable resource for predicting C-terminal antigen processing.
  • This approach can significantly contribute to the rational design of peptide-based vaccines.
  • The open-source and retrainable nature of NetCleave facilitates further research and application.