Novel Theranostic Approaches Targeting CCR4-Receptor, Current Status and Translational Prospectives: A Systematic
Joana Gorica1, Maria Silvia De Feo1, Ferdinando Corica1
1Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Background:
With the high mortality rate of malignant tumors, there is a need to find novel theranostic approaches to provide an early diagnosis and targeted therapy. The chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is highly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in tumor pathogenesis. This systematic review aims to provide a complete overview on clinical and preclinical applications of the CCR4 receptor as a target for theranostics, using a systematic approach to classify and assemble published studies performed on humans and animals, sorted by field of application and specific tumor.
Methods:
A systematic literature search of articles suiting the inclusion criteria was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, Central, and Web of Science databases, including papers published from January 2006 to November 2022. Eligible studies had to be performed on humans and/or in vivo/in vitro studying CCR4 expression in tumors. The methodological quality was assessed through the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) assessing only the studies performed on humans.
Results:
A total of 17 articles were screened. The articles were assessed for eligibility with the exclusion of 4 articles. Ultimately, 13 articles were selected for the qualitative analysis, and six articles were selected for the critical appraisal skills program.
Conclusions:
The development of new radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals targeting CCR4 show promising results in the theranostics of CCR4 sensible tumors. Although to widen its use in clinical practice, further translation of preclinical to clinical data is needed.
Insights
Novel theranostic approaches targeting chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) show promise for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Further clinical translation is needed to implement these CCR4-targeting agents widely.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiopharmaceuticals
- Molecular Imaging
Background:
- Malignant tumors have high mortality rates, necessitating advanced theranostic strategies for early detection and targeted treatment.
- Chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, contributing to tumor development.
- CCR4 represents a potential target for integrated diagnostic and therapeutic applications in oncology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing clinical and preclinical research on CCR4 as a theranostic target.
- To classify and analyze studies involving CCR4 in human and animal models across different tumor types and applications.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of CCR4-based theranostic strategies.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed across major databases (PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, Web of Science) from January 2006 to November 2022.
- Inclusion criteria focused on studies investigating CCR4 expression in tumors in humans, in vivo, or in vitro.
- Methodological quality of human studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP).
Main Results:
- Out of 17 initially screened articles, 13 were selected for qualitative analysis after excluding 4 ineligible studies.
- Six studies were further selected for detailed methodological quality assessment using CASP.
- The review synthesized data on CCR4's role and therapeutic targeting across diverse oncological contexts.
Conclusions:
- Emerging radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals targeting CCR4 demonstrate significant potential for theranostics in CCR4-sensitive tumors.
- Translating preclinical findings into robust clinical data is crucial for broader adoption of CCR4-targeted theranostics.
- Further research is warranted to optimize and validate CCR4-based theranostic agents for clinical use.
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