Direct-current electric field stimulation promotes proliferation and maintains stemness of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells are frequently utilized in the study of regenerative medicine. Electric fields (EFs) influence many biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. In the present study, a novel device capable of delivering a direct current of EF stimulation to cells cultured in vitro is described. This bioreactor was customized to simultaneously apply a direct-current EF to six individual cell culture wells, which reduces the amount of experimental time and minimizes cost. In testing the device, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells stimulated with an EF in the bioreactor exhibited a greater cell proliferation rate while retaining stemness. The results provide a unique perspective on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, which is needed for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.