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Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides

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Oligozwitterions in coordination polymers and frameworks - a structural view.

Lassaad Baklouti¹, Jack Harrowfield²

¹Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts at Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia. blkoty@qu.edu.sa.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

|June 1, 2023

Summary

Oligozwitterions act as versatile ligands in coordination chemistry, forming novel metal-organic frameworks. This review highlights recent X-ray studies, particularly focusing on uranyl ion systems and their structures.

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Area of Science:

Coordination Chemistry
Supramolecular Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Zwitterions are versatile molecules with diverse applications.
Their ability to act as ligands for metal ions is key to their utility.
Oligozwitterions represent a specific class with unique coordination properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in zwitterionic coordination chemistry.
To focus on the structural characterization of coordination polymers and frameworks involving oligozwitterions.
To highlight systems utilizing uranyl ions.

Main Methods:

Solid-state X-ray structural studies.
Analysis of coordination polymers and frameworks.
Review of recent literature on oligozwitterion systems.

Main Results:

Demonstration of oligozwitterions as effective ligands for various metal ions.
Elucidation of diverse coordination polymer and framework structures.
Specific insights into uranyl-oligozwitterion interactions and resulting architectures.

Conclusions:

Oligozwitterions are valuable building blocks in coordination chemistry.
X-ray crystallography provides critical structural data for these systems.
Uranyl-containing frameworks showcase unique structural motifs and potential applications.