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Network architecture dependent mechanical response in temperature responsive collagen-PNIPAM composites.

Shibil Adam1, Akhil Mohanan1, Swarnadeep Bakshi1

  • 1Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru 560080, Karnataka, India.

Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
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Summary

This study reveals that collagen composites with thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels exhibit reversible mechanical switching. The shear modulus enhances when microgel particle diameter changes, influenced by collagen network architecture.

Keywords:
Biopolymer compositesNetwork architectureRheologyTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix, crucial for tissue structure and function.
  • Developing in-vitro collagen-based materials with tunable mechanical properties is vital for biomedical and tissue engineering.
  • Thermo-responsive polymers offer potential for dynamic control over material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reversible mechanical switching behavior of a biocompatible composite material.
  • To explore the role of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgel particles in modulating collagen network mechanics.
  • To understand how temperature-induced changes in microgel size affect composite properties.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a composite material using collagen networks and thermo-responsive PNIPAM microgel particles.
  • Utilizing the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM to induce swelling and de-swelling of microgel particles.
  • Measuring the shear modulus of the composite material under varying temperature conditions.
  • Employing confocal imaging to visualize microgel particle distribution and collagen network architecture.

Main Results:

  • The composite exhibits reversible mechanical switching, with enhanced shear modulus observed when microgel particle diameter deviates from the polymerization temperature.
  • This mechanical enhancement is independent of whether the particles are swelling or de-swelling.
  • The extent of shear modulus enhancement is significantly correlated with the collagen network's mesh size, which is temperature-dependent.
  • Confocal imaging demonstrated that reversible microgel clustering above LCST is critical for the observed switching response.

Conclusions:

  • Collagen-PNIPAM microgel composites display tunable mechanical properties through temperature-induced changes in microgel size.
  • The collagen network architecture plays a significant role in mediating the mechanical response of the composite.
  • This study provides insights into designing smart biomaterials with controllable mechanical functions for advanced applications.