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'Breaking the cycle': a qualitative study exploring general practitioners' views of infant mental health
Anna De Natale1, Sophie Hall2, Anne McFadyen3
1School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Insights
General practitioners (GPs) in deprived areas understand infant mental health (IMH) issues but need better support. New community-based IMH services are essential, integrating primary care and increasing professional awareness.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- General Practice
Background:
- Infants in deprived areas face higher risks of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), impacting infant mental health (IMH) and lifelong outcomes.
- Socioeconomic deprivation is linked to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), increasing the risk of infant mental health (IMH) issues and long-term health problems.
- Developing infant mental health (IMH) services requires understanding diverse stakeholder perspectives, particularly from those in high-need communities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the perspectives and experiences of General Practitioners (GPs) in socioeconomically deprived areas regarding infant mental health (IMH).
- Investigate GPs' understanding of and engagement with infant mental health (IMH) within communities facing socioeconomic challenges.
- Identify barriers and facilitators for effective infant mental health (IMH) service delivery from the viewpoint of primary care physicians in deprived settings.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study involving 12 General Practitioners (GPs) from 11 practices in deprived urban communities in Scotland.
- Semi-structured interviews were conducted and thematically analyzed using NVivo software, following the Braun and Clarke framework.
- Thematic analysis of transcribed interviews explored GPs' views on infant mental health (IMH) provision and service development.
Main Results:
- GPs in deprived areas possess an intrinsic understanding of infant mental health (IMH) issues, often unrecognized in current service provision.
- Community perceptions of infant mental health (IMH) are influenced by socioeconomic factors, including potential associations with parental blame.
- GPs envision improved infant mental health (IMH) services with better connectivity and accessibility, building on past experiences and addressing current shortcomings.
Conclusions:
- General Practitioners (GPs) in socioeconomically deprived areas have significant insights into infant mental health (IMH) challenges, though may not use the specific term 'IMH'.
- There is a clear need for new, community-based infant mental health (IMH) services, especially in deprived areas.
- Future infant mental health (IMH) services must recognize, support, and integrate primary care roles, enhancing training for GPs and healthcare professionals.
Background:
Infants living in areas of socioeconomic deprivation are more likely to have adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which are associated with infant mental health (IMH) problems and poor physical and mental health outcomes throughout the life course. As part of the development of IMH services in Scotland, studies are being conducted to explore various stakeholders' perspectives.
Aim:
To understand the views and experiences of GPs working in socioeconomically deprived areas in relation to IMH.
Design & Setting:
Qualitative study with GPs working in deprived urban communities in Scotland, UK.
Method:
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 GPs from 11 practices. Transcribed interviews were thematically analysed, following the Braun and Clarke framework, using NVivo (version 12) software.
Results:
The following three overarching themes are presented: (1) Deep End GPs' inherent understanding of IMH, owing to their placement in deprived communities and their under-recognised role in current IMH provision; (2) Factors influencing how communities might perceive IMH, including the potential associations of IMH with parental blame or judgement in areas of socioeconomic deprivation; and (3) Using previous experience to visualise future IMH service delivery, particularly improving on current shortcomings of connectivity and accessibility of services, to develop successful new services.
Conclusion:
GPs in areas of socioeconomic deprivation have a deep understanding of the issues affecting IMH, although do not necessarily relate to the term 'IMH'. New community-based IMH services are much needed, particularly in deprived areas. However, the pre-existing role of primary care must be recognised, supported, and integrated into new services, alongside training to increase IMH awareness among GPs and other primary healthcare professionals (HCPs).
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