Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

12.8K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
12.8K
Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

397
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
397
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value01:13

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value

517
In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...
517
Receiver Operating Characteristic Plot01:15

Receiver Operating Characteristic Plot

285
A ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) plot is a graphical tool used to assess the performance of a binary classification model by illustrating the trade-off between sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (false positive rate). By plotting sensitivity against 1 - specificity across various threshold settings, the ROC curve shows how well the model distinguishes between classes, with a curve closer to the top-left corner indicating a more accurate model. The area under the ROC curve...
285
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data01:23

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data

376
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
376
Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

2.8K
When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Putting CATs and item banks to work: How to construct predictive and sensitive PROMIS screeners for use in ambulatory oncology.

Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation·2025
Same author

Customizing Computerized Adaptive Test Stopping Rules for Clinical Settings Using the Negative Affect Subdomain of the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery: Simulation Study.

JMIR formative research·2025
Same author

Customizing CAT Stopping Rules for Clinical Settings: A Simulation Study Using the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery Negative Affect Subdomain.

JMIR formative research·2025
Same author

Four New Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Examining Health-Seeking Behavior in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (REDD-CAT): Instrument Development Study.

JMIR diabetes·2024
Same author

Use of machine learning to identify prognostic variables for outcomes in chronic low back pain treatment: a retrospective analysis.

The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy·2024
Same author

Development and Psychometric Properties of Self-Reported Job Interview Skills and Job Interview Anxiety for Autistic Transition-Age Youth.

Journal of vocational rehabilitation·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

5.8K

Reliability, Validity, and Efficiency of an Item Response Theory-Based Balance Confidence Patient-Reported Outcome

Daniel Deutscher1,2, Michael A Kallen3, Mark W Werneke1

  • 1Net Health Systems, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Physical Therapy
|June 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a reliable and valid balance confidence measure using item response theory. The new tool offers efficient administration modes for clinical use and research.

Keywords:
ABC ScaleBalance ConfidenceComputerized Adaptive TestingItem Response TheoryPatient-Reported Outcome MeasuresPhysical Function

More Related Videos

Quantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients
09:17

Quantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients

Published on: May 17, 2020

3.4K
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

18.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

5.8K
Quantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients
09:17

Quantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients

Published on: May 17, 2020

3.4K
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

18.5K

Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation science
  • Psychometrics
  • Health outcomes research

Background:

  • The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale is widely used but can be lengthy.
  • Modern measurement approaches like item response theory (IRT) can improve efficiency and accuracy.
  • Developing an IRT-based item bank and scoring metric for balance confidence is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calibrate the original 16-item ABC Scale into an IRT-based item bank and scoring metric for balance confidence (BC).
  • To assess the psychometric properties of a computerized adaptive test (BC-CAT) and a 6-item short-form (BC-SF) administration modes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 20,354 patient records from outpatient rehabilitation clinics.
  • Evaluation of IRT model assumptions including unidimensionality, local item independence, item fit, and differential item functioning (DIF).
  • Assessment of reliability, validity, and efficiency for BC-CAT and BC-SF.

Main Results:

  • All 16 items were retained in the IRT-based item bank with good model fit and no DIF.
  • High reliability estimates were found for BC-SF (0.95), BC-CAT (0.96), and the full item bank (0.98).
  • BC-CAT scores were generated efficiently using a median of 4 items and correlated highly (0.99) with full-bank scores.

Conclusions:

  • The IRT-based BC patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) is reliable, valid, and efficient.
  • The BC-CAT and BC-SF offer feasible administration modes for research and routine clinical practice.
  • This study supports the adoption of modern measurement approaches for balance confidence assessment.