Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

8.7K

Rifampicin Allergy Leading to Acute Renal Shutdown

Ranjith Jeyasekharan1, Ninoo George2

  • 1Department of General Medicine, Dr. Jeyasekharan Hospital and Nursing Home, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India.

International Journal of Applied & Basic Medical Research
|June 2, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Rifampicin allergy can cause severe reactions like shock and acute renal failure, even with intermittent leprosy treatment. Prompt medical care led to full recovery, highlighting the need for careful monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Toxicology
  • Infectious Disease Treatment

Background:

  • Rifampicin is a cornerstone medication for tuberculosis and leprosy.
  • Drug toxicity manifests as hepatic (dose-related) or immunoallergic (unpredictable) effects.
  • Immunoallergic reactions range from mild syndromes to severe, life-threatening events.

Observation:

  • A patient receiving intermittent, once-monthly rifampicin for neuritic leprosy developed sudden shock and acute renal failure.
  • The severe reaction occurred during the 4th month of treatment.
  • Hemodialysis was required to manage the acute renal failure.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced a severe immunoallergic reaction to rifampicin.
  • Renal function normalized within 3 weeks after treatment cessation.
  • Complete recovery was achieved without further rifampicin exposure.

Implications:

  • Intermittent rifampicin therapy, though common, carries a risk of unpredictable severe immunoallergic reactions.
  • Early recognition and management of rifampicin-induced shock and renal failure are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Alternative treatment regimens may be necessary for patients experiencing such adverse events.
Keywords:
Acute renal failureadverse drug reactionleprosyrifampicin

More Related Videos

Rapid Depletion of Renal Macrophages using Human CD59/Intermedilysin Cell Ablation Tool09:58

Rapid Depletion of Renal Macrophages using Human CD59/Intermedilysin Cell Ablation Tool

Published on: May 9, 2025

283
Laser Ablation of the Zebrafish Pronephros to Study Renal Epithelial Regeneration07:27

Laser Ablation of the Zebrafish Pronephros to Study Renal Epithelial Regeneration

Published on: August 29, 2011

15.3K

Related Concept Videos

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
127
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
39
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
125
Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion01:28

Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion

Active tubular secretion is a robust, energy-demanding process that utilizes carrier systems to transport drugs into renal tubules. The active renal secretion systems include the organic anion transporter (OAT) for weak acids and the organic cation transporter (OCT) for weak bases. Structurally similar drugs can compete for the same transporter, potentially leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. However, this principle can be exploited therapeutically. One example is probenecid (Probalan),...
232
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
41
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
1.9K