Anatomical landmarks localization for capsule endoscopy studies

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a small, wireless camera to capture images of the inside of the digestive tract. The identification of the entrance and exit of the small bowel and of the large intestine is one of the first tasks that need to be accomplished to read a video. This paper addresses the design of a clinical decision support tool to detect these anatomical landmarks. We have developed a system based on deep learning that combines images, timestamps, and motion data to achieve state-of-the-art results. Our method does not only classify the images as being inside or outside the studied organs, but it is also able to identify the entrance and exit frames. The experiments performed with three different datasets (one public and two private) show that our system is able to approximate the landmarks while achieving high accuracy on the classification problem (inside/outside of the organ). When comparing the entrance and exit of the studied organs, the distance between predicted and real landmarks is reduced from 1.5 to 10 times with respect to previous state-of-the-art methods.