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High-velocity resistance training improves executive function in mobility-limited older adults
Natan Feter1, Gustavo Z Schaun2, Emily C Smith3
1Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|June 3, 2023
Summary
High-velocity resistance training (HVRT) enhanced executive function in mobility-limited older adults. These cognitive improvements were linked to gains in lower-body strength and power, highlighting the importance of muscle strengthening for aging adults.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Science
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
Background:
- Executive function is crucial for daily activities and can decline with age.
- Mobility limitations in older adults are often associated with cognitive impairments.
- Resistance training is known to improve physical function, but its cognitive benefits require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) on executive function in middle-aged and older adults.
- To determine if mobility limitations influence the effects of HVRT on cognition.
- To explore the relationship between physical adaptations and cognitive changes following HVRT.
Main Methods:
- A 12-week supervised HVRT program was conducted twice weekly.
- Participants included middle-aged adults, older adults, and older adults with mobility limitations (LIM).
- Executive function, maximal strength, peak power, muscle thickness, and functional performance were assessed pre- and post-intervention.
Main Results:
- HVRT significantly improved executive function in mobility-limited older adults (p=0.040).
- No significant cognitive improvements were observed in middle-aged (p=0.533) or non-limited older adults (p=0.107).
- Improvements in strength, power, and muscle thickness were associated with enhanced executive function.
Conclusions:
- High-velocity resistance training can enhance executive function in older adults with mobility limitations.
- Lower-body muscle strength, power, and thickness mediate the cognitive benefits of HVRT in this population.
- Muscle-strengthening exercises are vital for maintaining both cognitive and physical health in aging individuals.
