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Food allergy and infant feeding practices: Are they related?

Idit Lachover-Roth1, Anat Cohen-Engler2, Yael Furman3

  • 1Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|June 3, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with higher rates of IgE-mediated food allergy in infants. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and provide recommendations for breastfeeding mothers regarding infant food allergy prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research

Background:

  • IgE-mediated food allergy is a growing concern in children.
  • Early introduction of peanuts and eggs can prevent food allergies.
  • The role of breastfeeding in food allergy development is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of breastfeeding versus cows' milk formula (CMF) on IgE-mediated food allergy development.
  • To analyze feeding patterns in the first two months of life and their association with food allergy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study followed 1989 infants for 12 months.
  • Infants were categorized into exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), mixed breastfeeding with CMF, or CMF-only groups.
  • Food allergy development was monitored up to 12 months of age.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 2.2% of infants developed IgE-mediated food allergy by 12 months.
  • Infants exclusively breastfed had a higher allergy rate (2.9%) compared to mixed feeding (1.9%) and CMF-only (0%).
  • No significant difference was observed in allergy rates based on family history of atopy.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfed infants showed significantly higher rates of IgE-mediated food allergy in the first year.
  • Potential mechanisms may involve maternal dietary components transferred via breast milk.
  • Further large-scale studies are recommended to confirm findings and guide mothers.
Abstract

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