Lumpy skin disease as an emerging infectious disease

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Epidemiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a significant emerging transboundary animal disease.
• The LSD virus exhibits high environmental resistance and affects large ruminants like cattle and water buffalo.
• Wild ruminants may act as reservoirs, potentially increasing disease transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the recent emergence and global spread of Lumpy skin disease.
• To highlight the economic impact of LSD on the bovine industry.
• To suggest effective preventive measures for LSD outbreaks.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent Lumpy skin disease outbreaks and spread.
• Analysis of the economic consequences of LSD.
• Evaluation of potential contributing factors, including climate change.
• Assessment of control and prevention strategies.

Main Results:

• LSD has recently emerged in numerous countries in the northern hemisphere.
• The disease causes substantial economic losses through reduced milk production, abortions, and mortality.
• Climate change is a potential factor in the increased emergence of this arthropod-borne disease.

Conclusions:

• Lumpy skin disease poses a major threat to livestock globally.
• Effective control strategies are crucial due to the significant economic impact.
• Preventive measures should be tailored based on outbreak patterns and environmental factors.