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Sensitivity of

S Saito1, F Wang1, C L Xiao1

  • 1United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA 93648.

Plant Disease
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natamycin effectively controls Mucor rot in mandarin fruit. Combining natamycin with potassium sorbate, especially at higher temperatures, significantly reduces disease incidence and maintains efficacy even with delayed application.

Keywords:
chemicalfungismall fruits

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Pathology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Mucor rot, caused by Mucor piriformis, is an increasing postharvest threat to California mandarin production.
  • Natamycin, a novel biofungicide, is now available for postharvest treatment of citrus and other fruits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the baseline sensitivity of Mucor piriformis to natamycin.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of natamycin, alone and in combination with potassium sorbate or sodium carbonate, for controlling Mucor rot on 'Tango' mandarin fruit.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro determination of natamycin's EC50 and MIC values against M. piriformis isolates.
  • Application of natamycin (920 μg/ml) with or without 3% potassium sorbate (PS) or 3% sodium carbonate (SC) at 20°C or 50°C to inoculated mandarin fruit.
  • Assessment of Mucor rot incidence after 2, 3, and 4 weeks of storage at 5°C.

Main Results:

  • The mean EC50 and MIC values for natamycin against M. piriformis were 0.59 μg/ml and <1.0 μg/ml, respectively.
  • Natamycin alone reduced Mucor rot by over 70% compared to controls.
  • The combination of natamycin and 3% PS at 50°C reduced disease incidence by 92.5% and maintained efficacy with delayed application (6-12h post-inoculation).

Conclusions:

  • Natamycin is a promising biofungicide for managing postharvest Mucor rot in mandarins.
  • Combining natamycin with potassium sorbate, particularly at elevated temperatures, enhances disease control.
  • Optimizing storage duration is crucial for maintaining the efficacy of natamycin treatments.