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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
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Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Characterizing Mutational Load and Clonal Composition of Human Blood
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Phenotypic Characteristics and Clonal Relationships of

Tamin Ortiz-Gómez1, Paula Toledano2, Andrea C Gomez3

  • 1Auna Laboratories, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Service, Lima, Peru. ortizgomeztn@gmail.com.

Infection & Chemotherapy
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nosocomial pathogen. This study found it resistant to common antibiotics in cancer and COVID-19 patients, highlighting the need for infection control.

Keywords:
Drug ResistancePulsed-Field Gel ElectrophoresisStenotrophomonas maltophilia

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen frequently linked to hospital-acquired infections.
  • Patients with underlying conditions like cancer or COVID-19 are particularly vulnerable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in clinical isolates.
  • To assess the genetic relatedness of S. maltophilia isolates from a specific patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of S. maltophilia from clinical samples.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) against various antibiotics.
  • Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) for molecular typing.

Main Results:

  • Ten S. maltophilia isolates were identified between January 2021 and June 2022.
  • A high prevalence (80%) was observed in cancer patients; 40% of cases resulted in a fatal outcome.
  • All isolates were susceptible to minocycline and levofloxacin, but resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (20%) and ceftazidime (40%) was noted.
  • PFGE revealed eight distinct patterns, indicating limited clonal spread.

Conclusions:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia poses a significant threat in clinical settings, especially in immunocompromised patients.
  • Minocycline and levofloxacin demonstrate consistent in vitro activity against these isolates.
  • The observed resistance patterns and genetic diversity underscore the importance of implementing robust infection prevention strategies.