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Hongmin Wang1, Linyi Ren1, Yantao Liang1,2

  • 1College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Center for Ocean Carbon Neutrality, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.

Microbiology Spectrum
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

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A novel bacterial virus, vB_PmaS_Y8A, infecting Psychrobacter bacteria was discovered. This virus, containing unique antibiotic resistance genes, represents a new virus family, Minviridae, expanding our knowledge of phage diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Psychrobacter bacteria are prevalent in Antarctic and marine ecosystems.
  • Genetic information for Psychrobacter phages is scarce, with only two complete sequences in public databases.
  • This study addresses the need for further characterization of these underrepresented phages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel Psychrobacter phage.
  • To determine the genomic features and potential functions of auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs).
  • To investigate the evolutionary relationships and taxonomic placement of the novel phage.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of the phage vB_PmaS_Y8A from a sewage sample.
  • Transmission electron microscopy for morphological analysis.
Keywords:
MarR2 familyMinviridaePsychrobacter phagegenomic and comparative genomic analysisphylogenetic analysis

Related Experiment Videos

  • Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, including identification of open reading frames (ORFs) and auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs).
  • Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • The novel phage vB_PmaS_Y8A possesses an icosahedral head and a long tail.
    • Its linear, double-stranded DNA genome (40,226 bp) encodes 69 ORFs, including two AMGs: phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate reductase and MarR protein.
    • Phylogenetic analysis revealed a distinct genomic architecture, leading to the proposal of a new virus family, Minviridae, encompassing 22 metagenomic viral genomes.
    • The phage genome lacks lysogeny genes but shares ORFs with the host genome, suggesting a potential lysogenic cycle.

    Conclusions:

    • vB_PmaS_Y8A is a novel Psychrobacter phage with a unique genome, including an uncharacterized antibiotic resistance gene.
    • The discovery of Minviridae expands the known viral diversity and highlights the importance of studying phage-host interactions.
    • This research contributes to a better understanding of phage evolution and the genetic makeup of Psychrobacter populations.