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Related Concept Videos

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
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Nephrons01:10

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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation01:28

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The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
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COVID-19 and Glomerular Diseases.

Nattawat Klomjit1, Ladan Zand2, Lynn D Cornell3

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Kidney International Reports
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 can cause kidney damage, with collapsing glomerulopathy (COVAN) being a frequent complication, especially in those with high-risk APOL1 genotypes. Treatment requires careful consideration of immunosuppression risks and benefits, as outcomes remain poor.

Keywords:
COVANCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2collapsing focal segmental glomerulonephritisglomerular diseaseglomerulonephritis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • COVID-19 is a systemic illness affecting multiple organs, including the kidneys.
  • Kidney injury is a common complication, observed in up to 40% of patients.
  • Various glomerular diseases have been linked to COVID-19, with causality varying.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze glomerular diseases associated with COVID-19.
  • To differentiate between COVID-19-related and coincidental glomerular pathologies.
  • To highlight the prevalence and characteristics of COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported glomerular diseases in COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of mechanistic plausibility for COVID-19 association.
  • Identification of risk factors, such as APOL1 genotypes in COVAN.

Main Results:

  • Collapsing glomerulopathy (COVAN) is the most prevalent, often linked to high-risk APOL1 genotypes.
  • Other reported conditions include podocytopathy, membranous nephropathy, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and thrombotic microangiopathy.
  • Patients often present with acute kidney injury or urinary abnormalities post-COVID-19 diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19-associated glomerular diseases, particularly COVAN, require careful management.
  • Treatment decisions, especially regarding immunosuppression, must balance risks and benefits.
  • Short-term outcomes are generally poor, emphasizing the need for further long-term outcome studies.