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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Microfluidic Imaging Flow Cytometry by Asymmetric-detection Time-stretch Optical Microscopy ATOM

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Interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy imaging with an electronically variable time-of-flight filter.

Mingjun Zhao^1,2, Wenjun Zhou^2,3, Santosh Aparanji¹

¹Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, 660 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA.

|June 5, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel interferometric diffuse optics (iDO) instrument that simultaneously achieves time-of-flight (TOF) discrimination and highly parallel detection. This breakthrough enhances brain specificity and quantitative accuracy for diffuse optics (DO) brain imaging.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Neuroimaging
Optical Physics

Background:

Diffuse optics (DO) is a non-invasive brain imaging technique with limited specificity.
Interferometric diffuse optics (iDO) aims to improve DO's accuracy and depth specificity, particularly for detecting coherent light fluctuations (CLFs) related to blood flow.
Existing iDO methods achieve either time-of-flight (TOF) discrimination or parallel detection, but not both simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a single iDO instrument capable of both TOF discrimination and highly parallel detection.
To overcome the limitations of conventional DO and iDO techniques for brain imaging.
To demonstrate multiparametric imaging of light intensities and CLFs in the human forehead.

Main Methods:

Rapidly tuning a temporally coherent laser during sensor integration to increase the effective linewidth for a parallel interferometer.
Implementing a continuously variable, user-specified TOF filter.
Utilizing a deep TOF filter to reduce scalp sensitivity of CLFs.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a solution to the canonical problem of DO, enabling accurate measurement of optical properties.
Achieved a 2.7-fold reduction in scalp sensitivity for CLFs at 1 cm source-collector separation using a deep TOF filter.
Successfully performed multiparametric imaging of light intensities and CLFs in the human forehead.

Conclusions:

The developed iDO instrument uniquely combines TOF discrimination, spatial localization, and highly parallel CLF detection.
This advancement significantly improves the specificity and quantitative accuracy of diffuse optics for brain studies.
The technology holds promise for advanced non-invasive neuroimaging applications.