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Daily automated feedback enhances self-regulated learning: a longitudinal randomized field experiment
Henrik Bellhäuser1, Charlotte Dignath2, Maria Theobald3
1Department of Psychology, Faculty 02: Social Sciences, Media, and Sports, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Frontiers in Psychology
|June 5, 2023
Summary
Automatically generated, adaptive feedback improved daily self-regulated learning (SRL) processes like goal setting and planning in university students. However, it did not impact motivation or long-term SRL strategy use.
Area of Science:
- Educational Psychology
- Learning Sciences
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Self-regulated learning (SRL) is crucial for academic success.
- Adaptive feedback can potentially enhance SRL processes.
- Understanding the impact of different feedback types is essential for effective learning interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of automatically generated, adaptive feedback on daily SRL in university students.
- To compare the impact of confirmative, informative, and transformative feedback on learning behaviors.
- To examine the influence of feedback on SRL process measures and trait measures.
Main Methods:
- Experimental field study with 194 university students over 36 days.
- Daily electronic learning diaries to report SRL strategy application.
- Random assignment to feedback (LDF) or no-feedback (LD) groups.
- Multilevel analysis of daily process data and pre-post trait measures.
Main Results:
- The feedback group (LDF) showed improved goal setting, planning, time adherence, self-efficacy, and satisfaction.
- Feedback did not significantly affect motivation, procrastination, or effort.
- No significant effects of feedback were found on general SRL strategy use (trait measures).
- Confirmative and transformative feedback positively influenced next-day satisfaction and procrastination.
- Transformative feedback specifically improved time management skills.
Conclusions:
- Daily adaptive feedback can enhance specific SRL processes and immediate learning behaviors.
- The type of feedback matters, with transformative feedback showing particular benefits for time management.
- Feedback's impact on SRL processes may not translate to changes in general SRL strategy use.
- Findings offer insights for designing effective feedback mechanisms in educational settings.
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