[Emergency medicine--first-aid outside of the clinic. Development and status determination]

A survey of actual problems in first-aid-treatment of life threatened patients is given. The life-threatened patient who needs immediate and sufficient treatment on the place of the accident is described and all the necessary steps to accomplish efficiency are listed as well as the necessary training of doctors who will be emergency-doctors in the future. Statistical data on the positive results of a sufficient first aid treatment with special ambulances are shown.