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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
Published on: September 30, 2020
Zachary Perpetua1, Jennifer Lennon, Judith A Shovel
1Health Services Division (Ms Minnier), Center for Quality Improvement and Innovation, Wolff Center (Mss Lennon, Shovel, Appell, Patterson, and Martin and Drs Zapf and Kip); ICU Service Center (Dr Sackrowitz); Department of Critical Care Medicine (Dr Sackrowitz); and Department of Nursing (Ms McLaughlin), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Department of Acute and Tertiary Care (Dr Perpetua), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Registered nurses (RNs) spent more time on indirect care than direct patient care, indicating workflow inefficiencies. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving efficiency and reducing nursing burnout during shortages.
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