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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Generation of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells

Generation of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells

Published on: January 3, 2025

Activation-inducible CAR expression enables precise control over engineered CAR T cell function.

Simon P Fraessle¹, Claudia Tschulik¹, Manuel Effenberger²

¹Juno Therapeutics GmbH, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Grillparzerstr. 10, 81675, Munich, Germany.

Communications Biology

|June 5, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is advancing with CRISPR gene editing. Researchers developed activation-inducible CAR T cells using CRISPR, offering enhanced control for cancer treatment.

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Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Generation of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells

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Published on: January 3, 2025

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

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Published on: May 9, 2025

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Gene Editing

Background:

CAR T cell therapy is a promising cancer treatment with potential for broad application.
CRISPR/Cas gene editing offers precise control for next-generation cell manufacturing.
Current CAR T cell therapies face limitations that advanced engineering can address.

Purpose of the Study:

To present proof-of-concept for an engineered feedback loop in CAR T cells.
To demonstrate the creation of activation-inducible CAR T cells.
To explore new methods for regulating CAR T cell function.

Main Methods:

Utilized CRISPR-mediated targeted integration for CAR T cell manufacturing.
Engineered T cells to express the CAR gene conditionally based on activation status.
Developed an artifice for an engineered feedback loop in T cells.

Main Results:

Successfully manufactured activation-inducible CAR T cells.
Demonstrated proof-of-concept for an engineered feedback loop.
Established a new method for regulating CAR T cell function.

Conclusions:

Engineered feedback loops offer novel control mechanisms for CAR T cell therapy.
Activation-inducible CAR T cells represent a next-generation construct.
This approach can enhance the therapeutic potential of CAR T cells in oncology.