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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Economic, social and environmental spillovers decrease the benefits of a global dietary shift.

Alessandro Gatto1, Marijke Kuiper2, Hans van Meijl3

  • 1Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Policy, Wageningen University and Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands. alessandro.gatto@wur.nl.

Nature Food
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Adopting sustainable diets like the EAT-Lancet diet reduces food demand, biomass production, and land use. However, it can decrease food affordability for low-income households and increase economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions due to non-food spending.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Agricultural economics
  • Global sustainability studies

Background:

  • Dietary shifts are crucial for sustainable food systems.
  • Assessing indirect economic, social, and environmental effects is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the benefits of the EAT-Lancet diet.
  • To analyze social, economic, and environmental spillovers in the wider economy.
  • To trace physical biomass quantities through global supply chains.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a global economic model.
  • Traced physical quantities of biomass along supply chains.
  • Analyzed the impacts of dietary shifts on various economic and environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Decreased global food demand reduces biomass production, prices, trade, land use, and food loss/waste.
  • Food affordability decreases for low-income agricultural households and non-agricultural households in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Economic spillovers into non-food sectors limit environmental gains; economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions increase.

Conclusions:

  • Sustainable diets have complex economic and environmental consequences beyond the food sector.
  • Policy interventions must consider affordability for vulnerable populations and non-food sector impacts.
  • Achieving sustainability requires a holistic approach accounting for economy-wide effects.