Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

838
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
838
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

4.8K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
4.8K
The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

3.1K
The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and...
3.1K
Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

3.2K
Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
3.2K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.1K
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

Positive Regulator Molecules

106.3K
To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
106.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-term antigen reduction does not achieve durable HBV control in mice but enhances therapeutic vaccine efficacy.

JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology·2026
Same author

The Memory Inflation Response Against Spread-Defective CMV Requires Priming-Independent CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Help.

European journal of immunology·2026
Same author

SATB1 is a targetable modulator of JAK-STAT signaling and cytokines in human Treg and Tconv cells.

EMBO reports·2026
Same author

Heterogeneity and dynamics of DENV-specific CD8 + T cells in dengue infection.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

SATB1 is a targetable modulator of JAK-STAT signaling and cytokines in human Treg and Tconv cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Decoding Human T Cell Immunity with Artificial Intelligence and Single-Cell Genomics.

Annual review of immunology·2026
Same journal

Candida albicans hyphae modulate Staphylococcus aureus cell-free supernatant during dual biofilm growth to drive molecular signatures of oral dysplasia.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
Same journal

Targeting phospholipase A2 with arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone modulates macrophage activation during Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
Same journal

Epitope mapping and conservation of antigens from the Multi-Cruzi immunoassay platform.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
Same journal

Unique molecular profiling of monocyte responses to a high dose of DENV-NS1 reflected the effect of NS1 on hemostasis.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
Same journal

Simultaneous quantification of anti-Spike IgG subclasses against various SARS-CoV-2 variants using a multiplex serological assay.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
Same journal

Intrauterine exposure to HBsAg attenuates the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine via the miR-155-5p/MyD88 axis of DCs in mouse pups.

Medical microbiology and immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
07:17

Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice

Published on: June 22, 2016

9.9K

Picking up speed: cell cycle regulation during effector CD8

Lorenz Kretschmer1, Noémie Fuchs2, Dirk H Busch2,3

  • 1Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany. lorenz.kretschmer@tum.de.

Medical Microbiology and Immunology
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding T cell responses is key for immunity. This study reveals how cell division speed diversifies CD8+ T cell fates, impacting memory formation and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
CD8+ T cellsCell cycleClonal expansionImmunological memorySingle cell fate mappingT cell memory

More Related Videos

A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
09:17

A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice

Published on: January 5, 2021

7.5K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

374

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
07:17

Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice

Published on: June 22, 2016

9.9K
A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
09:17

A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice

Published on: January 5, 2021

7.5K
Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
06:07

Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

374

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • T cell immunology

Background:

  • Adaptive immune responses are characterized by clonal expansion and immunological memory.
  • Understanding T cell subset generation is crucial for protective immunity and therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the early diversification of effector and memory CD8+ T cell fates.
  • To investigate the link between cell division speed and T cell fate determination.
  • To refine the understanding of memory T cell pool organization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent evidence on T cell differentiation.
  • Analysis of cell cycle regulation in T cells.
  • Examination of technical advances in lineage tracing and cell cycle analysis.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests early diversification of CD8+ T cell fates.
  • This diversification is coupled with distinct changes in cell division speed.
  • New insights into CD8+ T cell population dynamics have emerged.

Conclusions:

  • Cell division speed plays a critical role in shaping CD8+ T cell responses.
  • Advances in lineage tracing and cell cycle analysis enhance our understanding of T cell memory.
  • This knowledge has implications for vaccine development and adoptive cell therapies.