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A Distress-Processing Model for Clients in Suicidal Crisis.

Johanna M Mickelson¹, Daniel W Cox¹, Richard A Young¹

¹Counselling Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

|June 6, 2023

Summary

This study developed a five-stage model of distress processing for individuals in suicidal crisis. Higher progression through these stages correlated with better outcomes, offering a new framework for crisis intervention.

Keywords:

client change crisis intervention suicidal crisis

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Mental Health
Crisis Intervention

Background:

Crisis intervention emphasizes client understanding of distress to reduce suicidality.
The specific process by which clients in suicidal crisis navigate their distress remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a sequential distress-processing model for individuals experiencing suicidal crises (Study 1).
To validate the developed model using a longitudinal design (Study 2).

Main Methods:

Task analysis was employed in Study 1 to develop a theoretically and empirically grounded model.
Study 2 utilized a longitudinal design, analyzing data from online crisis chats with adults in suicidal crisis.
The model's validity was assessed by examining sequential progression and outcome correlation.

Main Results:

A five-stage sequential distress-processing model was developed: unengaged with distress, distress awareness, distress clarity, distress insight, and applying distress insight.
Evidence supported the model's validity, showing sequential progression through stages (H1).
Clients with positive outcomes demonstrated greater progression through the distress-processing stages compared to those with poor outcomes (H2).

Conclusions:

The findings offer a novel framework for understanding and operationalizing client progression through suicidal crises.
This model can significantly enhance the development of targeted interventions and future research in suicide prevention.
The study highlights the importance of distress processing in managing suicidal crises.