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Microbe-induced drought tolerance by ABA-mediated root architecture and epigenetic reprogramming.

Khairiah M Alwutayd1,2, Anamika A Rawat1, Arsheed H Sheikh1

  • 1DARWIN21, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.

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|June 6, 2023
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Summary

Beneficial desert bacteria, Pseudomonas argentinensis SA190, enhance plant drought tolerance. This microbe utilizes the plant abscisic acid (ABA) pathway and epigenetic priming for improved crop performance under drought.

Keywords:
ABAH3K4me3drought stressmicrobiomewater use efficiency (WUE)

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-microbe interactions
  • Plant stress physiology
  • Microbial biotechnology

Background:

  • Beneficial microbes offer potential for enhancing plant drought stress tolerance.
  • Mechanisms underlying microbial mitigation of drought stress are not fully understood.
  • Root endophytic bacteria represent a promising avenue for agricultural applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the desert bacterium Pseudomonas argentinensis SA190 in enhancing plant drought tolerance.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, including plant hormone pathways and epigenetic modifications, involved in this interaction.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of SA190 for improving crop performance under drought conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant system.
  • Transcriptome and genetic analyses to study gene expression and pathways.
  • Abscisic acid (ABA) pathway analysis and epigenetic studies.
  • Application of SA190 priming on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under drought stress.

Main Results:

  • Pseudomonas argentinensis SA190 significantly enhances drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
  • SA190-induced root morphogenesis and gene expression are mediated by the plant's abscisic acid (ABA) pathway.
  • SA190 application leads to epigenetic priming of target gene promoters in an ABA-dependent manner.
  • SA190 priming improved alfalfa performance under drought conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A single strain of root endophytic bacteria, Pseudomonas argentinensis SA190, can confer substantial drought stress tolerance to plants.
  • The mechanism involves ABA signaling and epigenetic modifications, highlighting a novel plant-microbe interaction.
  • This finding has significant implications for developing microbial-based strategies to improve crop resilience in arid and semi-arid environments.