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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
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Patch Testing to Chlorhexidine Digluconate, 1% Aqueous: North American Contact Dermatitis Group Experience,

Erin M Warshaw1,2,3, Joohee Han1, Sara A Kullberg1,2,4

  • 1From the Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug
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Chlorhexidine allergy is uncommon but can cause relevant skin reactions, particularly on the hands and face. Most cases are linked to skin and healthcare products, with a notable proportion affecting healthcare workers.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chlorhexidine is a widely used antiseptic.
  • It is known to potentially cause allergic contact dermatitis.
  • Understanding its allergic potential is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence of chlorhexidine allergy.
  • To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with chlorhexidine allergy.
  • To analyze the clinical relevance and patterns of positive patch test reactions to chlorhexidine.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patient data.
  • Utilized data from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) from 2015-2020.
  • Included patients patch tested with chlorhexidine digluconate 1% aqueous solution.

Main Results:

  • 0.7% of tested patients (107/14,731) showed allergic reactions to chlorhexidine.
  • Over half (52.3%) of these reactions were clinically relevant.
  • Common sites of dermatitis included hands (26.4%) and face (24.5%), with trunk involvement being more frequent in allergic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Chlorhexidine digluconate allergy is infrequent but frequently clinically significant.
  • Dermatitis patterns often involve the hands, face, and generalized distributions.
  • Occupational allergies were primarily observed in healthcare workers.