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Using Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays to Assess Skills in Emergency Medicine: Validity Study.

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Summary

Virtual reality (VR) effectively assesses emergency medicine skills in junior doctors. This technology offers a valid, engaging, and mentally demanding evaluation tool for medical training.

Keywords:
Messick frameworkassessment, acute medicineemergencyemergency medicinehead-mounted displaymedical educationmedical studentsimulation-based educationundergraduate medical educationvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education Technology
  • Emergency Medicine Training
  • Virtual Reality Applications

Background:

  • Junior doctors require robust training for managing acutely ill patients in high-stress emergency departments.
  • Competency assessment is crucial to prevent patient morbidity and mortality due to errors in urgent treatment decisions.
  • Virtual reality (VR) offers standardized, unbiased assessment but requires validity evidence for implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gather validity evidence for 360-degree VR videos with integrated multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for assessing emergency medicine skills.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of VR in differentiating skill levels among medical students with varying experience.

Main Methods:

  • Five emergency medicine scenarios were recorded in 360-degree VR and incorporated MCQs.
  • Three groups of medical students (novice, intermediate, experienced) participated.
  • Participants completed VR scenarios, rated presence (IPQ), and cognitive workload (NASA-TLX).

Main Results:

  • Experienced students scored significantly higher than intermediate, who scored higher than novices (23 vs 20 vs 14, respectively).
  • A pass/fail threshold was set at 19 points (68% of maximum).
  • High interscenario reliability (Cronbach α=0.82), high presence (IPQ=5.83), and high cognitive workload (NASA-TLX=13.30) were reported.

Conclusions:

  • 360-degree VR scenarios provide validity evidence for assessing emergency medicine skills.
  • The high degree of presence and mental demand indicate VR's potential as an innovative assessment tool.
  • VR technology shows promise for enhancing emergency medicine skills evaluation in medical education.