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Related Concept Videos

MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

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A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
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Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

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When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
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Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

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Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
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Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

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A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
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Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor01:26

Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor

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A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric conducting spherical shells of radii R1 (inner shell) and R2 (outer shell). The shells have  equal and opposite charges of +Q and −Q, respectively. For an isolated conducting spherical capacitor, the radius of the outer shell can be considered to be infinite.
Conventionally, considering the  symmetry, the electric field between the concentric shells of a spherical capacitor is directed radially outward. The magnitude of the field,...
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Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving01:26

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving

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In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...
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Synthesizing a Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Supercapacitors, Assembling a Supercapacitor Using a Coin Cell, and Measuring Gel Electrolyte Performance
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Scalable Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitor for Wide-Temperature Wearable Devices.

Jun Han1, Dian-Sen Li1, Lei Jiang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a tough composite hydrogel for flexible supercapacitors, enhancing mechanical durability and energy storage across temperatures. This material improves electrical and mechanical stability for advanced wearable electronics.

Keywords:
antifreezeflexibilityhydrogelmechanicsquasi-solid-statesupercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Quasi-solid-state supercapacitors are crucial for flexible electronics, demanding high capacity, simple form factors, and mechanical robustness.
  • Achieving all these desirable properties simultaneously in a single material presents a significant challenge in current research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel composite hydrogel capable of providing both mechanical integrity and improved electrochemical performance for supercapacitors.
  • To investigate the hydrogel's role as a load-bearing layer and permeable binder to enhance electrode-electrolyte interfaces and reduce resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a composite hydrogel with inherent mechanical durability and freezing resistance.
  • Assembly of flexible supercapacitors using the developed hydrogel and manganese dioxide/carbon cloth electrodes.
  • Evaluation of the supercapacitors' performance under various temperature and bending conditions.

Main Results:

  • The composite hydrogel demonstrated excellent mechanical durability and freezing resistance.
  • Supercapacitors assembled with the hydrogel exhibited high performance, maintaining energy storage capabilities at different temperatures and bending states.
  • The hydrogel effectively reduced interface resistance between the electrode and electrolyte.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tough hydrogel significantly improves the electrical and mechanical stability of flexible supercapacitors.
  • This material shows great potential for application in wide-temperature wearable electronic devices requiring robust energy storage solutions.